Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Communication and Media

Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Communication and Media

Artificial Intelligence as an Opportunity or a Threat to Journalism

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 , Associate Professor, Journalism Department, IRIB University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.A. in Journalism, Department of Journalism, Faculty of Communication and Media, IRIB University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The accelerating proliferation of artificial intelligence technologies—particularly in high-speed, high-precision news content generation—has raised profound questions regarding the future of journalism. This study critically examines whether AI can replace human agents in newsrooms or rather function as an auxiliary tool supporting journalistic practices. Employing a qualitative methodology based on library research and comparative analysis, human-authored news stories were redrafted by AI systems and subjected to analytical comparison. To reinforce the robustness of findings, expert opinions were also examined and key themes extracted. Results indicate that AI can perform tasks involving routine editorial labor with limited creativity. Nevertheless, in complex domains such as investigative reporting, policy framing, psychological operations, and discourse construction, human involvement remains essential. Given that AI’s cognitive framework is shaped by digital content—often saturated with misinformation and skewed data—the reliability and epistemic orientation of its outputs may be compromised. Consequently, while AI holds potential to assist journalists by streamlining production, it is unlikely to supplant epistemically grounded and creative human roles in the foreseeable future. That said, the expanding capabilities of AI are expected to restructure newsroom labor dynamics, gradually replacing low-skill functions. Strategic, critical integration of AI can enhance both the volume and quality of media production, whereas passive adoption risks undermining journalistic credibility and eroding public trust. Journalists must therefore engage with these technologies reflexively and redefine their professional identity in light of evolving epistemological and ethical imperatives.
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